![]() Īccording to Albert Sturtevant, " far as the element Rata- is concerned, Bugge's hypothesis has no valid foundation in view of the fact that the word Rata (gen. Bugge proposed that the -toskr element is a reformation of the Old English word tūsc ( Old Frisian tusk) and, in turn, that the element Rata- represents Old English ræt ("rat"). Sophus Bugge theorized that the name Ratatoskr is a loanword from Old English meaning " Rat-tooth." Bugge's basis hinges on the fact that the -toskr element of the compound does not appear anywhere else in Old Norse. According to Vigfússon, Ratatoskr means "tusk the traveller" or "the climber tusk." He says that the name of the legendary drill Rati may feature the same term. Guðbrandur Vigfússon theorized that the rati- element means "the traveller". The element toskr is generally held to mean "tusk". The name Ratatoskr contains two elements: rata- and -toskr. Ratatoskr is attested in the Poetic Edda, compiled in the 13th century from earlier traditional sources, and the Prose Edda, written in the 13th century by Snorri Sturluson. In Norse mythology, Ratatoskr ( Old Norse, generally considered to mean "drill-tooth" or "bore-tooth" ) is a squirrel who runs up and down the world tree Yggdrasil to carry messages between the eagles perched atop Yggdrasil, and the serpent Níðhöggr, who dwells beneath one of the three roots of the tree. Although unexplained in the manuscript and not otherwise attested, in this image Ratatoskr bears a horn or tusk. Norse mythical animal A 17th century Icelandic manuscript depicting Ratatoskr.
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